In some states, both primary and co-owners must sign the vehicle title in order to transfer ownership. In other states, called title-holding states, only the primary owner's signature is required to sell a vehicle. And still, other states, called non-title-holding states, treat both owners as equal.
Regardless of your state's laws, it's generally best to have all owners involved in the sale process. Involving the co-owner shows good faith to any potential buyer, which can help you sell more quickly.
If the co-owner is not available or unwilling to sign the title, you can apply for a lost title or get a court order to sell the car.
To summarize, whether the co-owner's signature is legally required to sell a vehicle depends on your state's specific vehicle laws. However, for a smoother transaction, it's generally advisable to involve all co-owners in the selling process.