EPS System Issues:
* EPS Motor Failure: The motor that assists steering might be damaged, burnt out, or malfunctioning. This is the most likely culprit if the steering feels completely heavy and unresponsive.
* EPS Control Module Failure: The electronic control unit that manages the EPS system could be faulty, preventing proper operation.
* EPS Sensor Malfunction: Sensors that monitor steering wheel position, speed, and other factors might be sending inaccurate readings, leading to incorrect assistance.
* EPS Power Loss: A blown fuse or other electrical problem could interrupt power to the EPS system.
Mechanical Issues:
* Low Power Steering Fluid (Hydraulic EPS): Even with electric power steering, some systems use hydraulic assistance. Low fluid levels will make steering feel stiff.
* Steering Column Problems: Issues within the steering column, such as a worn or damaged steering shaft, can restrict movement and create a heavy feel.
* Suspension or Tire Issues: Worn or damaged suspension components, wheel bearings, or tires can increase friction and make steering feel heavier.
* Brakes Binding: If brake calipers are sticking, they can create a dragging effect that makes steering feel harder.
Other Factors:
* Tire Pressure: Underinflated tires can increase rolling resistance, making steering harder.
* Cold Weather: In extremely cold temperatures, steering might feel heavier due to thicker fluids in the system.
Diagnosis:
If you're experiencing hard steering in a car with EPS, it's important to diagnose the problem accurately. Here are some steps:
1. Check for Error Codes: Many modern cars have a system that stores error codes. A mechanic can scan the system for any codes related to the EPS system.
2. Inspect for Physical Damage: Look for any visible damage to the steering column, EPS motor, or surrounding components.
3. Test Fluid Levels (if applicable): If your car uses hydraulic EPS, check the fluid level and condition.
4. Check Tire Pressure: Ensure tires are properly inflated.
Important Note: If you suspect an issue with your EPS system, it's best to consult a qualified mechanic. Attempting repairs yourself can be dangerous and could further damage the system.
