Can you put a 2 wheel drive transmission in 4 without transfer case?

No, you cannot put a 2-wheel drive transmission in 4-wheel drive without a transfer case. The transfer case is essential for splitting the power from the transmission to both the front and rear axles in a 4WD system. A 2WD transmission only has one output shaft, designed to send power to a single axle. There's no mechanism to distribute power to a second axle without a transfer case or a similar device.