This code can be caused by several issues, including:
* Spark plug problems: A faulty spark plug (cracked insulator, worn electrode, improper gap) in cylinder 2 is a very common cause.
* Ignition coil problem: If your Escape uses individual coil packs per cylinder (check your owner's manual), a faulty coil pack for cylinder 2 will prevent ignition. If it uses a coil pack that serves multiple cylinders, it might be the coil itself, or a wiring problem to that cylinder.
* Worn or damaged spark plug wires: If your Escape uses individual spark plug wires (less common in newer vehicles), a damaged or loose wire for cylinder 2 will prevent proper ignition.
* Injector problem: A clogged or malfunctioning fuel injector in cylinder 2 will prevent fuel from reaching the cylinder, leading to a misfire.
* Valve issues: A burnt, bent, or stuck valve in cylinder 2 can prevent proper combustion. This is less common but possible.
* Compression issues: Low compression in cylinder 2, possibly due to a worn piston ring or head gasket problem, will lead to inconsistent firing.
* Vacuum leaks: A significant vacuum leak can affect the air/fuel mixture, causing misfires.
Troubleshooting Steps (in order of easiest/cheapest to more involved):
1. Check and replace spark plugs and wires (if applicable): This is the easiest and cheapest place to start. Inspect them carefully for damage.
2. Inspect the ignition coil (or coil pack): Look for any visible damage or cracks. If you have individual coils, you may want to swap the coil for cylinder 2 with another cylinder's coil (if possible) to see if the misfire follows the coil, indicating a faulty coil.
3. Check fuel injectors: This may require a fuel pressure test and/or injector flow testing. This is usually done by a mechanic.
4. Compression test: A compression test will measure the pressure in each cylinder, indicating if there are internal engine problems. This requires specialized tools.
5. Vacuum leak check: Listen for hissing sounds around the intake manifold and vacuum lines. Visual inspection may help locate the leak.
Important Note: Before starting any repairs, disconnect the negative battery terminal to prevent electrical shocks. If you're not comfortable working on your vehicle's engine, it's best to take it to a qualified mechanic for diagnosis and repair. They have the proper tools and expertise to pinpoint the exact cause of the P0302 code.
