1. Check the Fuses: This is the easiest and first step. Your owner's manual will show you the fuse box locations (usually under the hood and inside the cabin). Look for fuses related to the fuel pump, fuel injection, or the engine control module (ECM). Replace any blown fuses, but be cautious about simply replacing a blown fuse without finding the underlying cause – it could blow again immediately.
2. Relay: The fuel pump is often controlled by a relay. This relay acts as a switch, allowing higher current to flow to the pump. Locate the fuel pump relay (your owner's manual will help) and:
* Visual Inspection: Check the relay for any obvious damage.
* Swap the Relay: If possible, swap the fuel pump relay with a known good relay of the same amperage and type (often a similar relay in the same fuse box can be used for testing purposes). If the problem goes away, the relay is faulty.
3. Fuel Pump Inertia Switch: Many Ford Rangers have an inertia switch that cuts power to the fuel pump in the event of a collision. This switch is usually located under the dash or in the engine compartment. Check if it's tripped (pushed in) and reset it by pushing it back out.
4. Wiring: Check the wiring harness leading to the fuel pump for any damage, corrosion, or loose connections. This includes checking the connections at the fuel pump itself and any connectors along the wiring run. A multimeter can be used to test for continuity and voltage.
5. Fuel Pump Driver Module (or PCM): The Powertrain Control Module (PCM) or a dedicated fuel pump driver module controls the relay. A faulty PCM or driver module can prevent power from reaching the relay. Diagnosing this requires more advanced tools and knowledge or a visit to a mechanic.
6. Low Voltage: A weak battery or alternator can cause insufficient voltage to reach the fuel pump. Have your battery and charging system tested.
Troubleshooting Steps (in order):
1. Check Fuses: This is the simplest and should be done first.
2. Check the Inertia Switch: Quick and easy to rule out.
3. Inspect the Fuel Pump Relay: Visual inspection and swapping with a known good relay.
4. Inspect Wiring: Look for any damage, corrosion, or loose connections along the wiring harness to the fuel pump.
5. Test for Voltage at the Fuel Pump: Use a multimeter to check if voltage is reaching the fuel pump connector when the ignition is on. This helps isolate whether the problem is before or after the pump itself.
6. Consider the PCM/Fuel Pump Driver Module: This is the most complex issue and usually requires professional diagnosis.
Important Safety Note: Working on the fuel system involves potential fire hazards. Be careful when working around fuel lines and always disconnect the battery negative terminal before starting any electrical work. If you are not comfortable performing these checks yourself, it is strongly recommended to take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic.
