* Overheating: Antifreeze is crucial for preventing the engine from overheating. Without it, the engine coolant will reach dangerously high temperatures much faster. This can cause:
* Warped cylinder head: The extreme heat can warp the cylinder head, a costly and major repair.
* Cracked engine block: The engine block itself can crack under the immense pressure and heat.
* Head gasket failure: The head gasket, which seals the cylinder head to the engine block, can blow out. This leads to coolant leaking into the engine oil or vice-versa, causing further damage.
* Seized engine: Extreme overheating can cause parts of the engine to seize up, rendering the engine unusable.
* Corrosion: Antifreeze also contains corrosion inhibitors that protect the engine's metal components from rust and degradation. Without it, these components will corrode more quickly, leading to reduced engine lifespan and potential leaks.
* Reduced engine performance: Overheating directly impacts engine performance. The engine may lose power, run rough, or even stall.
* Damage to other components: The intense heat can damage other parts of the cooling system, such as the radiator, hoses, and water pump.
In short, running out of antifreeze is a serious issue that should be addressed immediately. Ignoring it will likely lead to expensive repairs or complete engine failure.
