* Corrosion resistance: Marine engines utilize corrosion-resistant materials and coatings throughout, including the block, heads, and components. Automotive engines are not typically treated to the same level of corrosion protection.
* Cooling system: Marine engines often use a raw-water cooling system, drawing water directly from the surrounding body of water for cooling. Automotive engines use a closed-loop cooling system with antifreeze.
* Ignition system: Marine ignition systems are often designed for more robust performance in a damp environment.
* Exhaust system: Marine exhaust systems are designed to discharge overboard, while automotive exhaust systems are designed to route exhaust gases through mufflers and tailpipes.
* Accessories: The accessory drive systems (alternator, power steering pump, etc.) may differ based on boat-specific needs.
In short, while a "302" designation might be used for both, they are distinct engines engineered for their respective applications. Using an automotive 302 in a boat is extremely ill-advised and dangerous.