1. The Fuses: This is the easiest and cheapest first step. Check the fuse box (usually under the hood or inside the cabin, consult your owner's manual for location) for fuses related to the wipers. Look for blown fuses (a broken filament inside). Replace any blown fuses with fuses of the same amperage rating. If a fuse blows immediately after replacement, you have a short circuit somewhere in the system and need to proceed with caution.
2. The Wiper Switch: A faulty wiper switch is a common cause of intermittent or non-functioning wipers. Try wiggling the switch while it's in the on position. If the wipers sputter or work inconsistently during this, the switch is likely worn out and needs replacing. This is relatively inexpensive and can be a DIY job, but involves some disassembly of the steering column.
3. The Wiper Motor: A failing wiper motor will often show intermittent operation. To check this (and this is tricky without experience):
* Listen: With the wipers turned on, listen carefully for any unusual sounds from the wiper motor itself (located under the hood, usually near the firewall). Grinding, clicking, or unusual humming could indicate a problem.
* Visual Inspection (Difficult): Accessing the motor often requires removing some parts. Visually inspect the motor for any obvious damage or corrosion. This is usually not recommended for a beginner.
* Testing the Motor (Requires multimeter): You could test the motor's voltage and ground connection using a multimeter, but this requires some electrical knowledge.
4. The Wiper Linkage: The linkage connects the motor to the wiper arms. Check for any broken, bent, or seized parts in this linkage. Sometimes, the linkage simply needs lubrication. If the motor runs but the wipers don't move, this is highly suspect.
5. Wiring and Connections: Inspect the wiring harness leading to the wiper motor and switch for any broken wires, loose connections, or corrosion. Pay close attention to areas that might experience a lot of movement or exposure to the elements. A visual inspection for corrosion and broken insulation is important.
6. Ground Connection: A poor ground connection can cause intermittent electrical problems. Make sure the ground wire to the wiper motor is clean, secure, and makes good contact with a clean metal surface.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Start with the fuses. This is the easiest and fastest check.
2. Test the switch. Wiggle it while operating the wipers.
3. Listen to the motor. If you hear unusual noises, it's likely the motor itself.
4. Inspect the linkage. Look for visible damage or stiffness.
5. Check the wiring. Look for breaks, corrosion, or loose connections.
When to seek professional help:
If you're uncomfortable working with car electrical systems or mechanics, take your Blazer to a qualified mechanic. Diagnosing and repairing wiper motor issues can be challenging without the right tools and experience. Replacing the motor itself can be somewhat involved, and potentially dangerous if you're not familiar with automotive electrical systems. Improper work could lead to further damage or injury.
