Top charging: In top charging, the furnace is equipped with a roof that can be opened or removed to allow scrap metal and other materials to be loaded from above. This method is often used in larger EAFs and provides good control over the placement of materials within the furnace.
Side charging: Side charging involves charging the furnace through one or more side doors. This method is often used in smaller EAFs and allows for quick and easy charging, but it can provide less control over the placement of materials.
Bottom charging: In bottom charging, the furnace is equipped with a movable hearth or platform that can be lowered to allow scrap metal and other materials to be loaded from below. This method provides good control over the placement of materials, but it requires a more complex furnace design and operation.
Continuous charging: Some EAFs are equipped with continuous charging systems that allow materials to be added to the furnace while it is in operation. This can help to improve productivity and reduce energy consumption.
The choice of charging method depends on a number of factors, including the size and design of the EAF, the type of scrap metal being used, and the overall process requirements.
