A car thermostat regulates the flow of coolant to and from the engine, helping to maintain the optimal operating temperature. When a thermostat fails, it can either stick open or closed.
- If the thermostat is stuck open, the engine will run cooler than normal and may take longer to warm up.
- If the thermostat is stuck closed, the engine will overheat.
Neither of these conditions should directly cause surging when accelerating with the heater on.
Surging while accelerating is typically caused by issues related to fuel delivery, air intake, or ignition.
In particular, if the car's fuel filter is clogged, the fuel pump is weak, or the spark plugs are worn out, it can lead to hesitation or jerking during acceleration.
Additionally, a vacuum leak in the air intake system can cause rough idling and surging.