* Jet Engines: Jet engines work by accelerating air through the engine and out the back. Reverse thrust uses a mechanism to redirect this airflow forward, creating a force that pushes against the direction of travel. This is often achieved by deploying "buckets" or "clamshells" within the engine nozzle.
* Propeller Engines: Propeller engines can change the direction of their propellers. This can be done to a limited degree, creating some reverse thrust.
Why not true "reverse" engines?
* Complexity: Building a true reverse engine would be incredibly complex and likely very inefficient.
* Safety: Having engines that could spin in reverse would create a significant safety risk, potentially causing damage to the aircraft or causing it to lose control.
Reverse thrust is a valuable tool for pilots. It allows them to slow the aircraft down more quickly and smoothly on the runway, reducing braking distance and wear on the brakes.