* Cracked Cylinder Head: This is a serious problem. A crack allows coolant to enter the cylinders, mixing with the combustion process and producing white, steamy exhaust. The loss of power is due to the dilution of the fuel-air mixture and the potential for damage to the engine's internal components.
* Blown Head Gasket: This is another common culprit. The head gasket seals the cylinders from the cooling system. A failure allows coolant to leak into the cylinders, resulting in the same white smoke and loss of power symptoms. Often, you might also see coolant loss in the radiator or overflow tank.
* Damaged Cylinder Liner (Less common): In some engines, particularly older ones, a crack or damage to the cylinder liner could allow coolant to enter the combustion chamber.
Why the symptoms occur:
* White Smoke: Coolant (water and antifreeze) turning to steam in the hot combustion chamber creates the white smoke. It's different from the bluish-white smoke of burning oil.
* Loss of Power/Poor Acceleration: Coolant in the cylinders disrupts the proper combustion process. The diluted fuel-air mixture burns less efficiently, resulting in a significant loss of power. The engine may also misfire or run roughly.
What to do:
This is NOT a problem to ignore. Driving with coolant leaking into the cylinders can cause catastrophic engine damage. Immediately stop driving the vehicle. Have it towed to a qualified mechanic for diagnosis and repair. Continuing to drive could lead to:
* Engine seizure: The lack of lubrication from coolant can cause the engine to seize up completely.
* Internal engine damage: The acidic nature of coolant can corrode engine components.
* Further damage to the cooling system: The pressure buildup from the overheating can cause additional leaks and damage.
A mechanic will need to perform a thorough inspection, potentially including a pressure test of the cooling system and a compression test of the cylinders to pinpoint the exact cause and recommend the appropriate repair.
