* Supercharger: A supercharger is driven directly by the engine's crankshaft via a belt. This means it provides boost proportionally to engine speed. It's always active whenever the engine is running.
* Turbocharger: A turbocharger uses exhaust gases to spin a turbine, which in turn drives a compressor to force air into the engine. This means boost is dependent on exhaust gas flow, which is related to engine speed and load but not directly proportional. There's a lag before boost is fully available.
Here's a table summarizing the key differences:
| Feature | Supercharger | Turbocharger |
|-----------------|------------------------------------|-------------------------------------|
| Power Source | Engine crankshaft | Exhaust gases |
| Boost Response | Immediate, consistent | Delayed, dependent on exhaust flow |
| Complexity | Simpler, generally less expensive | More complex, generally more expensive |
| Efficiency | Less efficient (uses engine power) | More efficient (uses waste energy) |
| Reliability | Generally more reliable | Can be less reliable (turbine damage possible) |
| Noise | Can be noisier (depending on design)| Typically quieter at lower RPMs |
In short: Superchargers offer instant boost but rob some engine power to do so. Turbochargers are more efficient but have a delay before boost kicks in. The "best" choice depends on the application and desired characteristics of the vehicle.
