* Component failure: The surge can fry microchips, transistors, and other sensitive components in the computer, control modules (like the Engine Control Unit (ECU)), and other electronic systems.
* Data corruption: Even if components aren't immediately destroyed, the EMP can corrupt data stored in the computer's memory, leading to malfunctioning systems.
* Wiring damage: High currents induced in the wiring harness can cause overheating and melting, leading to shorts and further damage.
To mitigate the risk, several precautions are strongly recommended:
* Disconnect the battery: This is the single most important step. Completely disconnect the negative terminal of the battery before beginning any welding.
* Use a battery-powered welder: If possible, a battery-powered welder minimizes the risk of EMP significantly.
* Use a welding blanket: A specialized welding blanket can help shield electronic components from the EMP.
* Ground the vehicle properly: Ensure a good ground connection for the welder to avoid stray currents.
While some people take chances, it's significantly safer to assume that welding near a vehicle's electronics will cause damage and take preventative measures. The cost of repairing or replacing a damaged computer far outweighs the time saved by not disconnecting the battery.
