Here's a general outline of the procedure. Specifics might vary slightly depending on your exact model and brake system:
Tools You'll Need:
* Wheel chocks: Essential for safety.
* Lug wrench: To remove the wheel.
* Jack and jack stands: To safely lift the vehicle.
* Screwdriver (usually a flathead): To access the adjuster. Sometimes a special tool is helpful, but a screwdriver often works.
* C-clamp (optional but helpful): To hold the brake shoes in place while adjusting.
* Wrench (size varies): To hold the adjusting wheel while turning the star wheel. You might need to use a socket and extension.
* Brake cleaner: To clean the drum and shoes.
* Gloves: To keep your hands clean.
* Owner's manual: Consult this for specifics to your vehicle.
Procedure:
1. Safety First: Chock the front wheels, engage the parking brake, and safely raise the vehicle using the jack and secure it with jack stands. Never work under a vehicle supported only by a jack.
2. Remove the Wheel: Remove the lug nuts and take off the wheel.
3. Inspect the Drum: Remove the brake drum. Sometimes it might be stuck due to rust; gently tap it around the edges with a rubber mallet if necessary. Do not use excessive force. Inspect the brake shoes, drum, and hardware for wear and tear. Replace worn components as needed. Clean the drum thoroughly with brake cleaner.
4. Locate the Star Wheel: The star wheel is usually located between the brake shoes. It's a toothed wheel that moves the brake shoes closer to the drum. You'll likely need to see it to understand how it is set up on your specific model.
5. Adjust the Star Wheel: While holding the adjusting wheel (often with a wrench, this is the part that limits how far you can turn the star wheel to prevent over-adjustment) turn the star wheel (using a screwdriver) clockwise to tighten the brakes. Turn it slightly (a few clicks at a time) and then try to spin the drum by hand. The drum should turn with slight resistance. Repeat this process until you feel the desired resistance. If it's too tight, you've gone too far, and you'll need to back it off slightly.
6. Check the Brake Pedal: After adjusting, lower the vehicle. Pump the brake pedal several times to ensure proper adjustment. The pedal should feel firm.
7. Reinstall: Replace the drum, wheel, and lug nuts. Torque the lug nuts to the manufacturer's specification (found in your owner's manual).
8. Test Drive: Test the brakes carefully in a safe area, ensuring they work correctly.
Important Considerations:
* Over-adjustment: This is the biggest mistake people make. Over-tightening can lead to dragging brakes, overheating, and damage to the brake system.
* Wear: Worn brake shoes or drums need to be replaced. Adjusting the star wheel won't compensate for significant wear.
* Parking Brake: The parking brake mechanism is often integrated with the rear brakes. Ensure the parking brake is properly adjusted as well. This usually requires a separate adjustment.
Again, if you're not comfortable with this process, it's best to seek professional help. Improper brake adjustment can lead to dangerous driving conditions.
