* Low Brake Fluid: This is the most common and easiest to check. Low fluid indicates a leak somewhere in the system, which needs immediate attention. Check the brake fluid reservoir (usually a clear or translucent container) and add fluid *only if* it's low. Adding fluid doesn't fix a leak, it's just a temporary measure.
* Air in the Brake Lines (Air in the System): Air in the brake lines will make the pedal spongy or hard. This usually requires bleeding the brakes, a process that removes the air from the lines. This can be done yourself if you're mechanically inclined, or by a professional mechanic.
* Master Cylinder Issues: The master cylinder is the pump that sends pressure to the brakes. A failing master cylinder can cause a hard pedal, or a pedal that goes all the way to the floor. This requires replacement.
* Brake Booster Problems: The brake booster assists the driver in applying pressure to the brakes. A malfunctioning booster will make the pedal feel very hard. This usually means the booster needs to be replaced. This is a more significant repair.
* Power Steering Issues (Indirect): While not directly related to the braking system, power steering fluid leaks can sometimes cause similar symptoms. Power Steering Assistance (PSA) is required for power brakes to work efficiently, resulting in a stiff pedal if not functioning correctly.
* Worn-Out Brake Pads or Shoes: While severely worn brakes usually lead to a *spongy* pedal, extremely worn brakes can, in some cases, lead to a hard pedal, depending on the specific wear and the interaction with the other brake components.
* Frozen or Seized Calipers: If a brake caliper seizes, it can create excessive resistance and a hard pedal.
What to do:
1. Check the brake fluid level immediately. If it's low, you likely have a leak and need professional help ASAP. Driving with low brake fluid is extremely dangerous.
2. If the fluid level is okay, the problem is likely more complex. It's best to take your Ford Ranger to a qualified mechanic for diagnosis and repair. Attempting to fix these issues yourself without proper knowledge and tools can be dangerous.
Don't ignore a hard brake pedal. It's a serious safety issue that could result in a brake failure.
