1. Low or No Transmission Fluid: This is the first and easiest thing to check. A severely low fluid level will prevent the transmission from functioning correctly. Check the fluid level with the engine running and warmed up (but not overheating). If it's low, add the correct type of automatic transmission fluid (ATF) for a Turbo 350. Low fluid often points to a leak somewhere in the system – find and fix that leak!
2. Problems with the Linkage or Shift Cable: The linkage or cable connects the shifter in your car to the transmission. If it's bent, broken, disconnected, or improperly adjusted, it won't shift correctly. Inspect the linkage visually for damage, and ensure it's properly connected at both ends. Adjustment might be needed.
3. Low Fluid Pressure: This is a more serious issue. Low pressure can be caused by a variety of problems, including:
* Worn pump: The transmission pump provides the pressure necessary for shifting. A worn pump can't generate sufficient pressure.
* Clogged filter: A clogged filter restricts fluid flow and reduces pressure.
* Valve body problems: The valve body controls fluid flow within the transmission. Worn valves, stuck passages, or internal damage can lead to low pressure.
* Internal leaks: Internal leaks within the transmission case will rob it of fluid pressure.
4. Worn Clutch Packs or Bands: The clutch packs and bands are responsible for gripping the planetary gear sets to create forward motion. Wear or damage to these components prevents them from engaging properly. This usually results in slipping or inability to shift into specific gears.
5. Broken or Damaged Internal Parts: This includes things like broken shafts, damaged planetary gears, or broken components within the valve body. These are more severe problems requiring a professional rebuild or replacement of the transmission.
6. Governor Problems: The governor regulates shift points. A malfunctioning governor could prevent the transmission from shifting into forward gears, especially at higher speeds.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Check the transmission fluid level and condition. Is it low, burnt, or contaminated?
2. Inspect the linkage and shift cable. Are they damaged or adjusted correctly?
3. Listen for any unusual noises coming from the transmission (whining, grinding, banging). These can indicate more serious internal problems.
4. Check for leaks around the transmission pan, seals, and lines.
When to Seek Professional Help:
If you've checked the fluid level and linkage and still have no forward gears, it's likely a more serious internal problem. You should take it to a qualified transmission specialist or mechanic for diagnosis and repair. Attempting to fix internal transmission problems without the proper tools and knowledge can cause further damage.
Ignoring the problem will likely lead to more severe and costly damage to your transmission. Address it promptly.
