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What causes a lawn mower engine to idle high and low then cut off?

Several factors can influence a lawn mower engine to exhibit such behavior:

1. Carburetor Problems: Issues related to the carburetor, such as a clogged or dirty carburetor, can cause fuel mixture issues resulting in high idling, low idling, or even engine cutoff.

2. Throttle Setting: If the throttle is not properly adjusted, it can lead to variations in engine idling speeds, causing it to idle high, low, or shut off.

3. Governor System: The governor system in a lawn mower engine regulates the engine speed. A malfunctioning governor can result in inconsistent engine idling speeds and potential stalling.

4. Fuel System Issues: A disrupted fuel supply can affect the engine's performance and idling. Problems like blocked fuel lines, a malfunctioning fuel pump, or a faulty fuel filter can lead to inconsistent idling and engine cutoff.

5. Air Filter: A clogged or dirty air filter can restrict airflow into the engine, impacting the fuel-air mixture and causing idling issues.

6. Spark Plug: A worn-out or fouled spark plug can lead to erratic engine behavior and affect the idling speed.

7. Choke Issue: If the choke is not properly adjusted, it can affect the airflow into the engine and cause idling inconsistencies.

8. Engine Components: Worn-out or damaged engine components, such as valves or piston rings, can also contribute to irregular idling and potential engine cutoff.

To address this issue, it's recommended to inspect and clean various components like the carburetor, fuel system, air filter, spark plug, and throttle settings, as well as ensure proper choke adjustment. If the problem persists, it may be necessary to consult a small engine repair professional for further diagnosis and assistance.