1. Impact absorption: Buffers play a crucial role in absorbing the impact during the coupling and uncoupling of railway vehicles. When two or more railway trucks come together, the buffers compress to absorb the force of the collision, reducing the impact on the trucks' structures and contents.
2. Energy dissipation: The compression of the buffers dissipates the energy generated during impact. This helps to avoid damage to the trucks and their components, especially during low-speed shunting operations.
3. Protection during acceleration and deceleration: Buffers also provide cushioning during acceleration and deceleration of the train, reducing the effects of sudden starts or stops on the goods inside the trucks.
4. Preventing over-compression: The design of the buffers includes features to prevent over-compression beyond a certain point, ensuring the integrity and stability of the trucks and their contents during impacts and maneuvers.
5. Compliance with regulations: Many countries and regions have specific regulations regarding the design, installation, and performance of railway buffers. These regulations are intended to ensure the safety, reliability, and compatibility of railway vehicles within the existing rail network.
Overall, buffers in railway trucks play a critical role in mitigating impact forces, protecting the goods being transported, and ensuring the safe operation of railway vehicles.
