- Timing chain or belt: A loose timing chain or belt can cause the camshaft and crankshaft to be misaligned, resulting in a knocking sound.
- Valve train components: Worn or damaged lifters, push rods, or rocker arms can also create a knocking noise.
- Rod bearing: A worn or damaged rod bearing can also cause a knocking noise.
- Main bearing: A worn or damaged main bearing can also cause a knocking noise.