* Increased piston dwell time: The piston spends more time at the bottom of the cylinder in a long-stroke engine, which gives the combustion gases more time to expand and create pressure. This increased pressure results in more torque.
* Increased leverage: The longer stroke also gives the piston a longer lever arm to work with, which increases the amount of torque that can be generated.
* Reduced friction: A long-stroke engine has less friction than a short-stroke engine because the piston travels a shorter distance during each stroke. This reduced friction results in more power being delivered to the wheels.
Overall, a long-stroke 4-cycle engine is better suited for applications where low-end torque is important, such as towing or off-road driving. However, a short-stroke 4-cycle engine is better suited for applications where high-rpm power is important, such as racing or track driving.
