You'll need:
* New clutch fluid: DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid. Use the correct type specified in your owner's manual.
* Clear tubing: About 18 inches long.
* A small container: To collect the old fluid.
* Wrench: To fit the bleed nipple on the clutch slave cylinder. This is usually a 8mm or 10mm spanner but check your car.
* Assistant: Someone to pump the clutch pedal is essential. (You can rig a system, but it's much harder).
* Gloves: Brake fluid is corrosive.
* Shop rags or paper towels: To clean up any spills.
* Funnel: To make refilling the master cylinder easier
Steps:
1. Locate the Bleeder Valve: This is usually found on the clutch slave cylinder, bolted to the gearbox. It's a small valve with a hexagonal head. Consult your repair manual for the exact location. It's often near the top of the clutch cylinder.
2. Locate the Master Cylinder Reservoir: This is usually in the engine compartment, clearly marked.
3. Top up the Master Cylinder Reservoir: Open the reservoir cap and add fresh brake fluid until it's near the maximum fill line.
4. Attach the Tubing: Fit one end of the clear tube securely over the bleed nipple. The other end should be submerged in the small container filled with a small amount of brake fluid. This prevents air from re-entering the system.
5. Have your assistant slowly pump the clutch pedal: Instruct your assistant to pump the clutch pedal firmly several times, *then hold it down*.
6. Open the Bleeder Valve: While your assistant holds the pedal down, carefully open the bleed nipple slightly with your wrench. You should see fluid flow through the tubing. If there's a lot of air, there may be a larger air bubble present and the process may take longer. If there is no fluid, make sure the bleed valve is opened.
7. Close the Bleeder Valve: Once the fluid runs clear and there are no more air bubbles, have your assistant release the clutch pedal. Immediately tighten the bleed nipple.
8. Repeat Steps 5-7: Repeat this process several times until the fluid running through the tube is completely clean and free of air bubbles.
9. Top up the Master Cylinder Reservoir: Add more fresh fluid as needed to keep the reservoir at the proper level.
10. Check the Clutch: Have your assistant operate the clutch pedal. It should feel firm and consistent. Test driving the car may help determine if bleeding is complete.
11. Clean up: Dispose of the used brake fluid responsibly.
Important Considerations:
* Air in the System: If you've got a lot of air, or the clutch pedal feels spongy after bleeding, you might need to repeat the process several times. Sometimes bleeding from the furthest point (Slave cylinder) alone isn't enough. You might need to consider bleeding from the master cylinder reservoir itself by carefully loosening the bleed nipple as you pump the pedal and top up continuously.
* Repair Manual: Consult a repair manual specific to your year and model Ford Ka. It will have diagrams and more precise instructions.
* Professional Help: If you're uncomfortable performing this task yourself, take your car to a qualified mechanic. A poorly bled clutch can lead to clutch failure.
This is a general guide. Always refer to your vehicle's specific service manual for detailed instructions and safety precautions. Remember to replace the brake fluid periodically according to your owner's manual recommendations.
