1. Check the Obvious:
* Ice/Snow/Debris: This is the most common culprit. Clear any ice, snow, or debris from the wipers, wiper arms, and the area where the wipers rest on the windshield. Make sure nothing is preventing the wipers from moving freely.
* Power: Ensure your ignition is on. Try turning the wipers on and off several times. If they don't respond at all, there might be a fuse issue (see below).
2. Fuse Check:
* Locate your car's fuse box (usually under the hood or dashboard). Consult your owner's manual to find the fuse responsible for the wipers.
* Check the fuse for a blown element (a broken wire inside). If it's blown, replace it with a fuse of the same amperage rating. If the fuse blows again immediately, there's a short circuit somewhere in the system – do not continue troubleshooting, take it to a mechanic.
3. Wiper Linkage:
* Manual Inspection: With the wipers off, carefully examine the wiper linkage mechanism. This is the system of arms and joints that connects the motor to the wipers. Look for any obvious obstructions, broken parts, or anything out of alignment. You might need a flashlight to see clearly.
* Manual Movement (Use Caution): Try gently moving the wiper arms by hand. If they are stiff or don't move easily, there might be a problem with the linkage or a binding issue. Don't force anything; you could break the linkage.
4. Wiper Motor:
* Listen for the Motor: When you turn on the wipers, listen carefully. Do you hear any clicking or humming from the wiper motor? A lack of sound suggests a motor failure. A clicking sound could mean the motor is trying to work but is struggling.
* Advanced Troubleshooting: Identifying a faulty wiper motor requires more expertise. This generally involves testing the motor's electrical connections and potentially checking its internal components. This is best left to a mechanic unless you're comfortable working with automotive electrical systems.
5. Park Position:
Some vehicles have a mechanism that parks the wipers in an upright position. It's a safety feature to prevent the wipers from freezing to the windshield overnight. Check your owner's manual to see if yours has this feature and how to disengage it, if necessary (this often requires a bit of manual adjustment of the wiper arm itself).
When to See a Mechanic:
If you've checked the simple things (power, fuses, and obvious obstructions) and the wipers remain stuck, it's best to take your car to a qualified mechanic. Attempting more advanced repairs without experience could damage your vehicle further. A mechanic has the tools and expertise to diagnose and fix problems with the wiper motor, linkage, or electrical system.
