What you'll need:
* Brake fluid: Use DOT 3 brake fluid (check your owner's manual to be sure). Never mix different types of brake fluid.
* Bleeding wrench: A wrench that fits your brake bleeder valve (usually 8mm or 10mm, check yours). A brake bleeder wrench with a hose attachment is recommended.
* Clear tubing: Long enough to reach a container.
* Container: To catch the old brake fluid.
* Socket wrench and ratchet: For removing the wheel if necessary. The size will vary, check your owner's manual or the wheel lug nuts.
* Clean rags: To wipe up spills.
* Partner: Having someone to pump the brake pedal is highly recommended.
Steps:
1. Safety First: Engage the parking brake firmly. Chock the front wheels to prevent the vehicle from rolling. Wear safety glasses to protect your eyes from splashing brake fluid.
2. Locate Bleeder Valves: The bleeder valves are located on the top of each rear caliper. They're small, usually capped.
3. Prepare the System: Make sure the brake fluid reservoir is filled to the "full" line.
4. Wheel Removal (Optional, but recommended): Remove the rear wheels for easier access to the bleeder valves. This is generally easier than trying to bleed them with the wheels on.
5. Attach Tubing: Attach the clear tubing to the bleeder valve. Submerge the other end of the tubing into your container.
6. Bleeding Procedure (The most important step): This should be done with a partner. Have your partner slowly and firmly pump the brake pedal several times. Then, have them hold the pedal down while you open the bleeder valve slightly using your bleeding wrench. Close the bleeder valve before your partner releases the pedal. Repeat this process several times until the fluid coming out of the bleeder valve is clear and free of bubbles.
7. Repeat for the Other Side: Repeat steps 5 and 6 for the other rear wheel. Remember: The general order is to bleed the furthest wheel from the master cylinder first, then work your way closer. In most cases, this is the right rear, then the left rear. However, double-check your owner's manual to confirm the correct order for your specific vehicle.
8. Check Fluid Level: Check the brake fluid reservoir and top it off if necessary.
9. Re-check Brakes: Pump the brake pedal several times to ensure the pedal is firm. If it feels spongy, repeat the bleeding process.
10. Test Brakes: Carefully test the brakes in a safe, controlled environment.
11. Reassemble: Replace the wheels and tighten the lug nuts.
Important Considerations:
* ABS Systems: If your Sport Trac has an Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), bleeding the brakes might be more complex. You might need a pressure bleeder or a scan tool to properly bleed the system. Consult a professional mechanic if you are not comfortable working on an ABS system.
* Brake Fluid is Corrosive: Brake fluid is corrosive and will damage paint. Clean up any spills immediately.
* Air in the Lines: If you can't get all the air out, there may be a more serious problem in the system. Consult a professional mechanic.
This is a complex procedure. If you are not comfortable performing this yourself, it is strongly recommended that you take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic. Improper bleeding can lead to brake failure, resulting in serious injury or death.
