Tools You'll Need:
* New serpentine belt: Make sure you get the correct size and type. The part number is usually found in your owner's manual or can be obtained from an auto parts store using your VIN.
* Wrench(es): You'll likely need various sizes, including those to loosen tensioners (often 13mm or 15mm).
* Socket wrench and ratchet: Helps with quicker access to bolts.
* Pliers or channel locks: May be needed to help with belt routing.
* Gloves: To protect your hands.
* Jack and jack stands (optional but recommended): Makes working under the car much safer and easier.
Steps:
1. Safety First: Disconnect the negative battery terminal to prevent accidental shorts. If using a jack, properly secure the vehicle on jack stands.
2. Locate the Tensioner: The serpentine belt tensioner is a pulley mechanism that allows you to loosen the belt. This is usually located on the engine and is often identifiable by its arm or pivot point.
3. Loosen the Tensioner: Use the appropriate wrench to loosen the tensioner. This will create slack in the belt. You may need to carefully pry against the tensioner to keep it compressed while removing the belt. Some tensioners require turning a bolt; others use a lever.
4. Remove the Belt: Carefully lift the belt off of the pulleys, working your way around the engine. It might be easier to start from the largest pulley. Pay attention to how the belt is routed—you'll need to replicate this when installing the new belt. Take a picture if you are unsure.
5. Inspect the Idler Pulleys: While the belt is off, inspect the idler pulleys for wear or damage. Replace any damaged pulleys as needed.
6. Install the New Belt: Carefully route the new belt around the pulleys in the same order as the old one. Make sure it sits correctly in all the grooves.
7. Tighten the Tensioner: Once the belt is routed correctly, release the tensioner. The belt should now be snug against all pulleys.
8. Check Belt Tension: Manually try to twist or deflect the belt. It should have some resistance but shouldn't be excessively tight. Consult your repair manual for specific tension specs.
9. Reconnecting Battery: Reconnect the negative battery terminal.
10. Test: Start the engine and let it run for a few minutes. Listen for any squealing or unusual noises from the belt. If you hear squealing, re-check the belt routing and tension.
Important Considerations:
* Diagram: A diagram of the serpentine belt routing is invaluable. You may find one in your owner's manual or online.
* Tensioner Type: Tensioners vary—some are spring-loaded, others use hydraulics. Know your tensioner type before you begin to avoid damage.
* Automatic Tensioners: Some Cavalier models might have an automatic tensioner system which adjusts automatically when the belt is installed correctly, so extra tension may not be required. Check your repair manual to determine your system.
Disclaimer: This is general advice. Incorrect installation can damage your engine. If you're unsure about any step, consult a professional mechanic. This guide does not cover every possible variation in your specific vehicle's system. Always consult your owner's manual or a repair manual for your specific 1990 Chevy Cavalier model.
