Tools you'll likely need:
* Jack and jack stands
* Wheel chocks
* Wrench to remove lug nuts
* Socket wrench and sockets (various sizes)
* Hammer
* Screwdriver (possibly Phillips and flathead)
* C-clamp or brake spring compressor tool (essential)
* Wire brush
* Brake cleaner
* New brake shoes and hardware (if needed)
* Gloves
Procedure:
1. Safety First: Park on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and chock the front wheels. Raise the rear of the vehicle using a jack and securely support it with jack stands.
2. Remove the Wheel: Remove the lug nuts and take off the wheel.
3. Remove the Drum: The brake drum is usually held on by friction. Sometimes, you might need to gently tap it around its circumference with a rubber mallet to break it loose. Avoid using excessive force or a metal hammer, as you could damage the drum.
4. Inspect the Components: Once the drum is removed, you should see the brake shoes, wheel cylinders, springs, and other hardware. Inspect for wear and tear. Take pictures if you're unsure about the assembly process later.
5. Compress the Spring(s): This is the trickiest part. Drum brakes have several springs that hold the shoes in place. You'll need a C-clamp or a specialized brake spring compressor tool to compress these springs enough to remove the brake shoes. Be extremely careful not to let the springs snap back and injure you. The procedure for compressing the springs varies depending on the exact design, so a repair manual will be invaluable here.
6. Remove the Brake Shoes: Once the springs are compressed, you should be able to carefully remove the brake shoes. Take note of their position and how they're connected to the other components.
7. Remove the Wheel Cylinders (If Necessary): If you're replacing the wheel cylinders, this is the time to do so. They are typically held in place by retaining clips or bolts. Be prepared for some brake fluid to leak.
8. Clean Everything: Thoroughly clean the brake drum, shoes, and other components with a wire brush and brake cleaner.
9. Install New Components (If Necessary): Install new brake shoes and hardware, following the reverse procedure of removal. Make sure to lubricate the moving parts as needed, according to the manufacturer's instructions.
10. Reassemble: Carefully reassemble the brake system, paying close attention to the spring placement and ensuring everything is properly aligned. Use the C-clamp or spring compressor throughout this process.
11. Reinstall the Drum: Carefully install the brake drum. Make sure it fits snugly.
12. Reinstall the Wheel: Put the wheel back on and tighten the lug nuts according to the manufacturer's recommended torque specification.
13. Lower the Vehicle: Carefully lower the vehicle.
14. Check the Brake Fluid Level: Check the brake fluid level in the master cylinder and add fluid if necessary.
15. Test the Brakes: Before driving, carefully test the brakes several times to ensure they are working properly. If you hear any unusual noises or feel any unusual vibrations, stop and inspect the brakes again.
Important Considerations:
* Brake Fluid is Hazardous: Brake fluid is corrosive and harmful to your skin and paint. Wear gloves and clean up any spills immediately.
* Bleeding the Brakes: If you replace the wheel cylinders or have any other work that may introduce air into the brake lines, you will need to bleed the brakes afterward. This procedure is different than removing the brakes and requires a helper.
* Repair Manual: Consult a repair manual for your specific vehicle to avoid errors and ensure safety.
This is a complex procedure. If you are not comfortable with any part of this process, it's strongly recommended that you take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic. Improper brake repair can be dangerous.
