Here's a general outline. Specific steps may vary slightly depending on your exact model and any variations in the year. Always refer to a repair manual specific to your vehicle's year and model for precise instructions and torque specifications. A factory service manual (FSM) is the best resource.
Tools You'll Likely Need:
* Jack and Jack Stands: Absolutely essential for safety.
* Wheel Chocks: To prevent the car from rolling.
* Lug Wrench: To remove the wheel.
* Wheel Alignment Tool: Necessary for proper post-repair alignment.
* Socket Set and Wrenches: Various sizes.
* Torque Wrench: Critical for proper tightening to prevent damage.
* Ball Joint Separator: To separate the ball joint from the steering knuckle.
* Tie Rod Separator: To separate the tie rod from the steering knuckle (if necessary).
* Press (or a shop with a press): Essential for removing and installing the bearing. A slide hammer might help with removal but a press is strongly recommended for installation.
* Penetrating Oil (PB Blaster or similar): To loosen rusted or seized bolts.
* New Front Wheel Bearing Assembly: Make sure you get the correct one for your vehicle.
* New cotter pin and castle nut for the axle nut.
* Pry Bar: May be needed for various parts of disassembly.
* Hammer (possibly): Use cautiously.
* Shop Rags: To keep things clean.
* Safety Glasses and Gloves: Always wear appropriate safety gear.
General Steps (Consult your repair manual for specifics):
1. Safety First: Park on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and use wheel chocks.
2. Raise and Secure: Raise the front of the car using the jack and securely support it with jack stands.
3. Remove the Wheel: Remove the lug nuts and wheel.
4. Disconnect Brake Caliper: Support the caliper with a bungee cord or wire to prevent it from hanging by the brake line. Remove the caliper bolts.
5. Disconnect ABS Sensor (If Applicable): Carefully disconnect the ABS sensor wire from the hub assembly.
6. Remove the Axle Nut: This can be very tight. Use a breaker bar and penetrating oil if needed.
7. Disconnect Ball Joint and Tie Rod: Use appropriate tools (ball joint separator and possibly a tie rod separator) to separate the ball joint and tie rod from the steering knuckle.
8. Remove the Steering Knuckle: Remove the bolts securing the steering knuckle to the strut. This will allow you to remove the hub assembly.
9. Remove the Old Wheel Bearing: This is where the press is essential. The bearing is pressed into the hub assembly.
10. Install the New Wheel Bearing: Use the press to carefully press the new bearing into the hub assembly. Ensure it's seated correctly.
11. Reassembly: Reverse the disassembly process, carefully tightening all bolts and nuts to the correct torque specifications (found in your repair manual). Pay close attention to the axle nut torque and cotter pin.
12. Lower the Car: Slowly lower the car from the jack stands.
13. Torque Check: Double-check all torques.
14. Wheel Alignment: It's crucial to get a professional wheel alignment after replacing a wheel bearing.
Important Considerations:
* Rust and Corrosion: On a 1991 vehicle, rust and corrosion can make this job significantly more difficult. Penetrating oil is your friend.
* Torque Specifications: Following the correct torque specifications is crucial to prevent damage and ensure safe operation.
* Pressing the Bearing: If you don't have access to a press, this is the most likely step that will require professional help. Improperly installing the bearing can lead to premature failure and potential damage to other components.
This is a simplified overview. Always consult a detailed repair manual for your specific 1991 Buick Park Avenue before attempting this repair. If you are not comfortable with any of the steps, take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic. Improperly replacing a wheel bearing can be dangerous.
