Here's a general outline. Specific steps and difficulty may vary slightly depending on the engine (V6 or 4-cylinder). Consult a repair manual specific to your 2002 Ford Escape's engine for precise instructions and diagrams. This is just a guideline.
Tools You'll Likely Need:
* Socket wrench set (metric)
* Ratchet and extensions
* Torque wrench
* Jack and jack stands (essential for safety!)
* Wheel chocks
* Penetrating oil (like PB Blaster)
* Wire brush
* New starter motor
* Safety glasses
* Gloves
General Steps:
1. Safety First: Disconnect the negative battery cable. It's best to also disconnect the positive cable, but disconnecting the negative is crucial. Chock the wheels and secure the vehicle with jack stands after raising it.
2. Access the Starter: The starter's location varies slightly depending on the engine. Generally, you'll need to access it from underneath the vehicle. You might need to remove some components for better access, such as:
* Exhaust components: Parts of the exhaust system might need to be loosened or removed to get a clear shot at the starter.
* Heat shield: There might be a heat shield covering the starter that needs to be removed.
* Other components: Depending on your engine, you might have to remove other smaller parts to reach the starter. A repair manual will provide detailed guidance.
3. Disconnect the Electrical Connections: Carefully disconnect the large battery cable(s) going to the starter. There's usually one large positive cable and possibly a smaller wire. Take note of where they connect to make reassembly easier. Use a wire brush to clean the terminals before disconnecting to improve conductivity.
4. Remove the Starter Bolts: Using the appropriate sockets and wrenches, remove the bolts holding the starter in place. These bolts can be very stubborn, especially if they haven't been removed before. Penetrating oil applied several hours beforehand can greatly help.
5. Remove the Starter: Once the bolts are removed, carefully remove the starter. It might be heavy, so be prepared.
6. Install the New Starter: Clean the mounting surface on the engine block. Install the new starter, aligning the mounting holes. Replace the bolts and tighten them to the manufacturer's specified torque (consult your repair manual).
7. Reconnect the Electrical Connections: Reconnect the battery cables to the new starter.
8. Reinstall Removed Components: Reinstall any components you removed to access the starter (heat shield, exhaust components, etc.).
9. Lower the Vehicle: Carefully lower the vehicle from the jack stands.
10. Reconnect the Battery: Reconnect the negative (and positive) battery cable(s).
11. Test the Starter: Try starting the engine. If it doesn't work, double-check all connections and bolts.
Important Considerations:
* Repair Manual: A repair manual specific to your 2002 Ford Escape is crucial for detailed instructions, torque specifications, and diagrams. This guide provides only a general overview.
* Safety: Working under a vehicle is dangerous. Always use jack stands and chocks.
* Torque Specifications: Over-tightening bolts can damage the starter or engine. Use a torque wrench to tighten bolts to the correct specification.
* Professional Help: If you're not comfortable working on your vehicle, it's best to take it to a qualified mechanic.
This is a complex task. If you're unsure about any step, seek professional help. Improper installation can lead to damage to your vehicle or injury to yourself.
