Tools You'll Need:
* Brake bleeding wrench: This is a special wrench that fits the bleeder valve on the calipers or wheel cylinders. Often a 8mm or 10mm.
* Clear tubing: This connects the bleeder valve to a container to collect the brake fluid.
* Container: To catch the old brake fluid.
* Wrench (or socket): To hold the caliper or wheel cylinder.
* Brake fluid: Use the correct type specified in your owner's manual (DOT 3, DOT 4, DOT 5.1). Never mix different types.
* Gloves: Brake fluid is corrosive.
* Rag or shop towels: To clean up spills.
* Helper (recommended): One person to pump the brakes while the other opens and closes the bleeder valves.
Steps:
1. Safety First: Wear safety glasses and gloves. Work in a well-ventilated area. Brake fluid is highly corrosive and can damage paint.
2. Locate Bleeder Valves: These are typically located on the top of each brake caliper (disc brakes) or on the wheel cylinder (drum brakes).
3. Check Brake Fluid Reservoir: Ensure the brake fluid reservoir is full. Add fluid as needed, maintaining the correct level throughout the process.
4. Prepare for Bleeding: Attach the clear tubing to the bleeder valve of the furthest wheel from the master cylinder (usually a rear wheel). Submerge the other end of the tubing in the container.
5. Bleeding Process:
* Have your helper slowly and steadily pump the brake pedal several times.
* While the pedal is held down, open the bleeder valve slightly using the wrench. You should see brake fluid flowing through the tube, initially with bubbles.
* Close the bleeder valve as your helper releases the brake pedal.
* Repeat steps 5b and 5c several times until no more bubbles are visible in the fluid.
6. Move to the Next Wheel: Repeat the bleeding process for each wheel, working from furthest to nearest the master cylinder. The typical order is:
* Rear passenger side
* Rear driver side
* Front passenger side
* Front driver side (Some systems may vary - consult your manual).
7. Check Fluid Level: Continuously monitor and add brake fluid to the reservoir as needed. Never let the reservoir run low.
8. Test Brakes: After bleeding all the wheels, test the brakes thoroughly in a safe, open area. Be cautious the first few times you apply the brakes as the feel may be different. If the brake pedal feels spongy or the brakes are not performing correctly, repeat the bleeding process.
9. Clean Up: Dispose of the used brake fluid properly.
Important Considerations:
* ABS Systems: Bleeding ABS systems is significantly more complex and often requires specialized tools and knowledge. If your vehicle has an ABS system, it is strongly recommended to take it to a professional mechanic.
* Power Brake Systems: Power brake systems require a different bleeding procedure, as they use a vacuum assist. Consult your vehicle's repair manual for the correct procedure.
* Spongy Pedal: If the brake pedal remains spongy after bleeding, there may be a more serious issue, such as a leak in the system, a worn master cylinder, or a problem with the brake calipers or wheel cylinders. Take the vehicle to a mechanic for inspection.
Disclaimer: This information is for general guidance only. Improperly bleeding brakes can lead to dangerous driving conditions. If you are unsure about any step, consult your vehicle's repair manual or take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic.
