Tools You'll Need:
* Jack and jack stands: Essential for safety. Never work under a car supported only by a jack.
* Wheel chocks: To secure the other wheels.
* Lug wrench: To remove the wheel.
* Socket set (metric): You'll need various sizes, including those for the axle nut, CV joint bolts, and possibly caliper bolts.
* Torque wrench: Crucial for tightening bolts to the correct specification.
* Hammer and punch (or a ball joint separator): To separate ball joints.
* Pickle fork (or a ball joint separator): To separate the ball joint (avoid using a pickle fork if possible, as it can damage the boot).
* Penetrating oil (like PB Blaster): To help loosen rusted bolts.
* CV joint boot clamps: If replacing the axle, these are usually needed to secure the new boot.
* New passenger-side drive axle: Make sure you get the correct part number for your specific car.
* Ratchet and extensions: To reach tight spots.
* Wrench(es) for caliper bolts
* Gloves and safety glasses: Always protect yourself.
* Shop rags or paper towels: To clean up grease and oil.
Procedure:
1. Safety First: Park on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and use wheel chocks on the wheels that remain on the ground. Raise the vehicle safely using the jack and secure it on jack stands.
2. Remove the Wheel: Remove the lug nuts and take off the front passenger-side wheel.
3. Disconnect the Brake Caliper: Use the appropriate wrench to remove the caliper bolts and carefully hang the caliper out of the way using a bungee cord or wire to avoid stressing the brake line.
4. Disconnect the ABS Sensor (if applicable): Some models have an ABS sensor on the knuckle. Carefully unplug the sensor.
5. Disconnect the Tie Rod End: Use a tie rod separator tool to separate the tie rod end from the steering knuckle. This may require some force. Mark the position before disconnecting to aid in reassembly and proper alignment.
6. Remove the Axle Nut: Use a socket and breaker bar to remove the large axle nut. This will require significant force.
7. Separate the Ball Joint: This is where a ball joint separator tool is highly recommended. A pickle fork can damage the ball joint. The ball joint connects the lower control arm to the steering knuckle. Carefully separate the ball joint from the steering knuckle.
8. Remove the Axle: Once the nut, tie rod, and ball joint are disconnected, the axle should slide out of the transmission and the hub assembly. You might need to gently wiggle it free.
9. Installation (Reverse of Removal): Install the new axle by reversing the steps above. Make sure the CV joints are properly seated and the axle is correctly aligned.
10. Torque Specifications: Tighten all bolts to the manufacturer's specified torque values. This information is crucial and can be found in your repair manual. Failure to tighten correctly can lead to axle failure.
11. Check for Leaks and Proper Function: Once everything is reassembled, lower the vehicle, inspect for leaks, and test drive to verify proper operation.
Important Considerations:
* CV Joint Boots: If the boots on your old axle are torn, replace the entire axle. Torn boots allow grease to leak out and dirt to get in, quickly ruining the CV joint.
* Pressing: Some axles may require pressing the CV joints onto the new axle. This is best done professionally unless you have the proper equipment.
* Alignment: After replacing the axle, you may need a wheel alignment to ensure proper handling and tire wear.
This is a complex procedure. If you're not comfortable performing this repair yourself, it's best to take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic. Incorrectly installing a drive axle can be dangerous. Always prioritize safety and consult a repair manual for your specific vehicle model before starting the repair.
