What the Pitman Arm Looks Like:
The Pitman arm is a short, pivoting arm located on the bottom of the steering gear box. It's connected to the steering gear by a tapered shaft and secured with a nut. The other end of the Pitman arm connects to the center link (part of the tie rod assembly) via a ball joint. It's typically made of steel and is relatively short and sturdy. It's directly involved in converting rotational steering wheel movement into linear motion for turning the wheels.
Tools Required:
* Pitman Arm Puller: This is absolutely essential. A cheap puller will likely slip and damage the steering gear box. Invest in a good quality, heavy-duty puller.
* Socket Wrench (size appropriate for Pitman arm nut): Likely a large size, 1 1/16" or similar, depending on the specific vehicle.
* Torque Wrench: Crucial for tightening the new Pitman arm nut to the correct specification.
* Wheel Chocks: For safety.
* Jack and Jack Stands: To safely lift and support the vehicle.
* Penetrating Oil (PB Blaster or similar): To help loosen the nut.
* Ratchet and Socket Set: For various fasteners you may encounter.
* Safety Glasses and Gloves: Always important when working on a car.
* Shop Manual: A factory service manual for your 1991 Lincoln Town Car Executive will provide torque specifications and other crucial information.
Removal Process (General Outline - Consult your shop manual for precise instructions and torque specs):
1. Safety First: Engage the parking brake firmly, chock the wheels, and raise the vehicle using a jack and secure it on jack stands. Never work under a vehicle supported only by a jack.
2. Disconnect the Battery: This prevents accidental short circuits.
3. Locate and Identify: Clearly identify the Pitman arm and its connection points.
4. Penetrating Oil: Liberally apply penetrating oil to the Pitman arm nut. Let it soak for at least 30 minutes.
5. Remove the Pitman Arm Nut: Use a socket wrench and ratchet to carefully remove the nut. It will likely be very tight.
6. Use the Pitman Arm Puller: Carefully install the puller according to its instructions. Apply pressure slowly and steadily. Be patient; this may take significant effort.
7. Remove the Pitman Arm: Once the puller has freed the Pitman arm, carefully remove it from the steering gear box.
8. Installation (Reverse of Removal):
* Install the new Pitman arm onto the steering gear box.
* Secure it with the nut.
* Tighten the nut to the correct torque specification (found in your shop manual). Using the incorrect torque can damage the steering gear box.
* Reconnect the center link.
9. Lower the Vehicle: Carefully lower the vehicle from the jack stands.
10. Test and Inspect: Carefully test the steering. Make sure everything is functioning correctly. Have the alignment checked by a professional afterward.
Important Considerations:
* Alignment: After replacing the Pitman arm, you must have your front-end alignment checked and corrected by a qualified mechanic. Improper alignment can lead to tire wear, poor handling, and safety issues.
* Steering Gear Box Damage: Be extremely careful when removing and installing the Pitman arm to avoid damaging the steering gear box. If you are not comfortable with this task, it is best to take your car to a qualified mechanic. This is a complex procedure that requires specialized tools and knowledge.
This is a simplified overview. Always consult a repair manual specific to your 1991 Lincoln Town Car Executive before attempting this repair. Failure to follow proper procedures can lead to serious damage and injury. If you're unsure about any step, it's strongly recommended to seek professional assistance.
