Tools You'll Need:
* Jack and jack stands: Absolutely essential for safety. Never work under a car supported only by a jack.
* Lug wrench: To remove the wheels.
* Wheel chocks: To prevent the car from rolling.
* Socket wrench set: Including various sizes, probably metric.
* Hammer: For tapping things loose.
* Pliers: For various tasks.
* Screw drivers: Possibly Phillips and flathead.
* C-clamp or brake spring compressor: Essential for compressing the return springs. A cheap compressor from an auto parts store is a good investment.
* Wrench for adjusting the parking brake: Usually a star-type adjuster or a small wrench.
* Brake cleaner: To clean everything thoroughly.
* Grease: For lubrication of the parking brake mechanism.
* New brake shoes, hardware kit (springs, clips, etc.), and wheel cylinders (if needed): Always replace the entire hardware kit with the shoes; reusing old parts is risky. Inspect the wheel cylinders closely for leaks; if they leak, replace them.
Procedure (Drum Brakes):
1. Safety First: Engage the parking brake, chock the front wheels, and securely jack up the rear of the car. Place it on jack stands.
2. Remove the Wheel: Loosen the lug nuts before jacking, then remove the wheel.
3. Remove the Drum: Sometimes the drum will just slide off. If it's stuck, gently tap around the edge with a rubber mallet to break it loose. If it's really stuck, you may need to use a drum puller (available at auto parts stores).
4. Inspect the Components: Carefully inspect the brake shoes, wheel cylinders, springs, and other hardware. Look for wear, cracks, leaks, or damage. Take pictures if you are unsure about reassembly.
5. Remove the Old Brake Shoes: This involves carefully releasing the parking brake adjusting mechanism, removing the hold-down springs and other retaining clips. This is where the spring compressor is crucial. The springs are under tension and can snap back unexpectedly. Use caution and eye protection.
6. Clean Everything: Thoroughly clean all parts with brake cleaner. Make sure everything is completely dry before proceeding.
7. Install the New Brake Shoes: Install the new brake shoes, paying close attention to the orientation of the springs and other hardware. Refer to the pictures you may have taken or a diagram. Use the spring compressor to compress the springs and install them correctly.
8. Adjust the Parking Brake: Once the shoes are installed and the springs are correctly seated, adjust the parking brake using the adjuster wheel. Turn it until you feel resistance. This ensures your parking brake will work properly.
9. Install the Drum: Slide the drum back onto the backing plate, making sure it fits snugly.
10. Reinstall the Wheel and Lug Nuts: Tighten the lug nuts to specification (check your owner's manual).
11. Lower the Vehicle: Carefully lower the vehicle to the ground.
12. Pump the Brakes: Before driving, pump the brake pedal several times to build up pressure and ensure the brakes are working correctly. If you have to pump the brakes excessively to get firm pedal, there's a problem. This may indicate a leak in the system or a more significant issue.
13. Test Drive: Carefully test drive the vehicle. If you feel any unusual vibrations or notice any issues with braking, you may need to re-check the work.
Important Notes:
* Bleeding the Brakes: While you probably won't need to bleed the brakes after a rear drum brake job, it's good practice to check your brake fluid level after the repair. If you have any concerns about the braking system, bleeding may be necessary and it's best done by a qualified mechanic.
* Wheel Cylinders: If your wheel cylinders are leaking or damaged, you absolutely MUST replace them. This is a critical safety component.
* Professional Help: If you're uncomfortable with any part of this process, take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic. Improperly installed brakes can lead to serious accidents.
This is a complex procedure and should only be attempted if you have some mechanical experience. If you are unsure about any step, consult a professional. Your safety is paramount.
