1. Check the Fuel Pump Relay: Locate the fuel pump relay (consult your owner's manual for location). Swap it with a relay of the same amperage rating from a non-essential circuit (like the horn or wipers). If the van starts after the swap, the original relay is faulty. Replace the relay.
2. Inspect the Fuel Pump Wiring: Carefully examine the wiring harness leading to the fuel pump for any signs of damage, chafing, or corrosion, particularly near the tank. Look for broken wires, loose connections, or areas where the insulation is compromised. Repair or replace any damaged wiring.
3. Check the Fuel Pump Inertia Switch: Many Fords have an inertia switch designed to cut power to the fuel pump in the event of a collision. It's usually located in the passenger compartment (often under the dash) and may have a red button to reset it. Press it in and then out firmly to see if it resets.
4. Test the Fuel Pump Directly (Advanced): This requires some mechanical aptitude. You'll need a multimeter and potentially a wiring diagram. With the key in the "on" position, test the voltage at the pump's connector. If you have battery voltage, the pump is likely bad. If there's no voltage, the problem is further upstream in the wiring or relay (re-check these steps). You can also try to listen carefully near the fuel tank for the hum of the pump when the key is turned to the "on" position; a lack of hum suggests a failure.
5. Consider the Fuel Pump Driver Module (PCM): While less likely, a failing fuel pump driver module (part of the Powertrain Control Module or PCM) can prevent the pump from receiving the correct signal. Diagnosing this usually requires a professional scan tool capable of reading PCM codes.
6. Check the Fuel Filter: A clogged fuel filter can restrict fuel flow, resulting in low pressure even if the pump is working. Replacing the fuel filter is a relatively inexpensive and easy repair. Do this *before* suspecting internal pump failure.
Important Safety Precautions:
* Work in a well-ventilated area. Fuel vapors are flammable.
* Disconnect the negative battery terminal before starting any electrical work.
* Be cautious when working near the fuel tank. Avoid sparks or open flames.
If you're not comfortable performing these checks yourself, it's best to take the vehicle to a qualified mechanic. They have the tools and expertise to diagnose the problem accurately and safely. Replacing the fuel pump is a somewhat involved process, requiring tank removal in most cases.
