1. Safety First: Before working on the fuel system, disconnect the negative battery terminal. Gasoline is highly flammable.
2. Check the Basics:
* Fuel Level: Is the gas tank actually low? An empty tank will obviously prevent the pump from delivering fuel.
* Power Supply:
* Fuse: Check the fuel pump fuse in the fuse box (consult your owner's manual for the correct fuse). Replace it if blown.
* Relay: The fuel pump is usually controlled by a relay. Locate the fuel pump relay (again, consult your owner's manual) and check it for continuity using a multimeter (or swap it with a known good relay of the same amperage).
* Wiring: Visually inspect the wiring harness leading to the fuel pump for any obvious damage (broken wires, corrosion, etc.). Use a multimeter to check for power at the fuel pump connector. You should have power when the ignition is on. (Caution: be careful not to short anything out)
* Inertia Switch: Some vehicles have an inertia switch that cuts power to the fuel pump in the event of a collision. Locate this switch (often under the dash) and reset it if necessary.
3. Test the Fuel Pump Directly:
* Listen for the Pump: Turn the ignition key to the "ON" position (don't start the engine). You should hear the fuel pump prime for a few seconds. If you don't hear it, the pump itself, the relay, or the wiring is likely the culprit.
* Measure Fuel Pump Voltage: With the ignition on, use a multimeter to measure the voltage at the fuel pump connector. You should see battery voltage (around 12V). If not, the problem is upstream of the pump (fuse, relay, wiring).
* Fuel Pump Pressure Test: This is the most definitive test. You'll need a fuel pressure gauge that can handle the pressure of your Corvette's system. Consult a repair manual for the correct specification and the test port location. This will tell you if the pump is delivering the correct fuel pressure. Low or no pressure points directly to a faulty pump.
4. Common Causes:
* Burned-out Fuel Pump: This is the most likely culprit if the pump doesn't prime or doesn't deliver enough pressure.
* Bad Fuel Pump Relay: A faulty relay will prevent power from reaching the pump.
* Wiring Issues: Corrosion, broken wires, or poor connections in the wiring harness can interrupt the power supply.
* Clogged Fuel Filter: A clogged filter can restrict fuel flow, even if the pump is working. Replace the filter as part of routine maintenance anyway.
5. Repair or Replacement:
If you've determined the fuel pump is faulty, you'll need to replace it. This is a job best left to someone with mechanical experience and the right tools, as it involves working under the car and possibly dropping the fuel tank. A repair manual specific to your 1985 Corvette is highly recommended. Always follow safety precautions when working with fuel systems.
Disclaimer: This information is for guidance only. Working on your car's fuel system can be dangerous. If you're not comfortable performing these checks, take your Corvette to a qualified mechanic.
