* Frozen/Stuck Linkage: This is especially common in cold weather. Ice can form on the wiper arms, the linkage connecting them to the motor, or within the mechanism itself, preventing movement. This is often the most frequent culprit.
* Worn-out Wiper Motor: The motor itself might be failing. It could be weak, struggling to overcome resistance from frozen parts or general wear and tear, or completely seized.
* Bad Wiper Motor Connections: Corrosion or loose connections to the wiper motor can disrupt power, leading to jamming. This is more likely with age and exposure to the elements.
* Worn-out Wiper Transmission: The transmission is the mechanism that translates the motor's rotation into the wiper arm's movement. Internal wear, damage, or debris can cause it to bind up.
* Seized Wiper Arms: The wiper arms themselves can become seized due to rust or corrosion at the pivot points. This prevents them from moving freely.
* Debris in the Mechanism: Leaves, insects, or other debris can get lodged in the wiper linkage or motor, causing binding.
* Vacuum Issues (if applicable): Some older vehicles used vacuum to operate wipers. Leaks in the vacuum system could prevent proper operation. This is less likely on a '97 Chevy truck, but still possible depending on the specific model and options.
* Low Washer Fluid (indirect): While not a direct cause of jamming, if the wiper blades are constantly struggling against a dry windshield, this added resistance could contribute to motor strain and potentially lead to failure or jamming over time.
Troubleshooting Steps:
1. Check for obvious obstructions: Look carefully at the wiper arms, linkage, and the area around the motor for any visible debris.
2. Try manually moving the wiper arms: See if you can move them by hand. If they're stiff or stuck, it indicates a problem with the linkage or arms themselves.
3. Inspect the motor for damage: Look for obvious signs of damage or corrosion around the motor and its connections.
4. Check the fuses and relays: Make sure the fuses and relays associated with the wiper motor are intact.
5. Check the wiper blades: Worn or damaged blades create excessive friction, so replacing them might help (although unlikely to solve jamming directly).
If you can't identify the problem yourself, it's best to take your truck to a mechanic. They have the tools and experience to diagnose and repair the issue efficiently.
