Here's a general outline of the process. Specific steps and torque specifications can vary slightly depending on your exact Lumina model, so consult a repair manual specific to your vehicle's year and engine. A Haynes or Chilton manual is a good investment for DIY car repair.
Tools You'll Need:
* Jack and jack stands: Safety first! Never work under a car supported only by a jack.
* Lug wrench: To remove the wheel.
* Wheel chocks: To secure the other wheels.
* Socket wrench set: With the correct size socket for the wheel nuts and the axle nut (likely a 3/4" or larger).
* Hammer: Possibly a ball-peen hammer.
* Penetrating oil (like PB Blaster): To help loosen the axle nut.
* New wheel stud: Get the correct one from a parts store, specifying your vehicle's year, make, and model.
* Torque wrench: Crucial for tightening the axle nut to the correct specification (found in your repair manual).
* Pry bar (optional): May be helpful for removing the old stud.
Procedure (General Outline):
1. Safety First: Park on a level surface, engage the parking brake, and chock the rear wheels.
2. Jack Up the Car: Safely jack up the front of the car, supporting it securely with jack stands under the frame near the jacking point.
3. Remove the Wheel: Remove the lug nuts and take off the wheel.
4. Remove the Axle Nut: This is usually a large nut at the center of the hub. Spray penetrating oil on it and let it soak for a while. Use a socket and breaker bar or wrench to remove it. This will often require significant force.
5. Remove the Caliper: You may need to remove the brake caliper to access the wheel hub. This usually involves removing a bolt or two securing the caliper to the bracket. Support the caliper with a wire or bungee cord to prevent it from hanging by the brake line.
6. Remove the Rotor (if necessary): Depending on your Lumina, you might need to remove the rotor to access the studs. This usually involves removing some bolts securing the rotor to the hub.
7. Remove the Old Stud: This is the trickiest part. The old stud might be pressed in, rusted in, or stubbornly stuck. You might need to use a hammer and a punch or pry bar to remove it. Be careful not to damage the hub.
8. Install the New Stud: Carefully install the new stud, ensuring it's seated correctly and flush with the hub. You may need to tap it gently with a hammer.
9. Reinstall the Rotor (if removed): If you removed the rotor, reinstall it.
10. Reinstall the Caliper: Reattach the brake caliper to the bracket.
11. Reinstall the Axle Nut: Tighten the axle nut to the manufacturer's specified torque. Use a torque wrench!
12. Reinstall the Wheel: Put the wheel back on and tighten the lug nuts.
13. Lower the Car: Carefully lower the car to the ground.
14. Final Tightening: Tighten the lug nuts to the manufacturer's specified torque.
Important Notes:
* Consult your repair manual: This outline is general. Your Lumina's specifics may differ.
* Torque Specifications: Incorrect torque can damage components. Use a torque wrench and the values from your repair manual.
* Safety: Working under a car is dangerous. Always use jack stands and follow safety precautions.
* Parts: Ensure you get the correct replacement wheel stud for your vehicle.
If you're uncomfortable with any part of this process, take your Lumina to a qualified mechanic. It's much safer and can save you time and potential damage to your vehicle.
