Why is a gearbox fitted to car?

A gearbox, also known as a transmission, is a mechanical device that allows a car to move forward or backward by changing the gear ratio between the engine and the wheels. This is necessary because internal combustion engines, which power most cars, cannot produce enough torque at low speeds to move the car from a standstill.

The gearbox is located between the engine and the rear axle, and consists of a set of gears that are arranged in a sequence of different sizes. The gears are connected to the engine and the wheels by shafts, and when the driver changes gear, the gears are shifted to change the gear ratio.

When the car is in first gear, the gear ratio is very low, which means that the engine has to turn many times in order to turn the wheels once. This gives the car a lot of torque, which is necessary to get the car moving from a standstill.

As the car moves faster, the driver can shift into higher gears, which have higher gear ratios. This reduces the amount of torque that the engine has to produce, but increases the speed of the car.

The gearbox also allows the car to move backward, by reversing the direction of rotation of the wheels. This is done by using a special reverse gear, which is typically located at the bottom of the gear shift.

Gearboxes are an essential part of cars, and they allow drivers to control the speed and direction of the vehicle.