1. Exhaust Gas Flow:
- The turbo is positioned in the car's exhaust system. As the engine operates, hot exhaust gases generated during the engine's exhaust cycle flow through the turbo.
2. Turbine:
- Inside the turbo, there are two main components: a turbine wheel and a compressor wheel. The exhaust gases pass through the turbine wheel, which spins due to the force of the exhaust flow.
3. Compressor Wheel:
- The turbine wheel is connected to the compressor wheel by a shaft. As the exhaust gases spin the turbine wheel, it rotates the compressor wheel as well.
4. Compression of Intake Air:
- The compressor wheel draws in outside air from the car's air intake. As the compressor wheel spins, it compresses this incoming air.
5. Intercooler (if present):
- In many turbocharged systems, an intercooler is installed between the turbocharger and the intake manifold. The intercooler cools down the compressed and heated air before it enters the engine. This cooling process increases the air's density, allowing for a more efficient combustion.
6. Increased Air Pressure:
- The pressurized air from the turbo is then sent through piping and into the engine's intake manifold. The higher pressure allows more oxygen-rich air to be forced into the cylinders, leading to a more powerful combustion.
In summary, a turbocharger compresses the intake air using energy from the engine's exhaust gases. By increasing the air pressure, more oxygen is provided for combustion, resulting in increased engine power and improved fuel efficiency. Turbochargers play a crucial role in enhancing the performance and efficiency of modern internal combustion engines.
