1. Steering Wheel or Control Console:
The steering operation typically starts from the ship's wheelhouse, where the captain or helmsman is positioned. The steering wheel or control console serves as the primary input device to initiate course changes.
2. Telemotor or Control Transmitter:
The steering wheel or control console is connected to a telemotor or control transmitter. This device converts the mechanical movement of the steering wheel into electrical signals.
3. Hydraulic or Electric Power Unit:
The telemotor signals are then transmitted to a hydraulic or electric power unit. This unit generates the necessary power to drive the steering gear machinery.
4. Rudder Stock:
The power unit is connected to the rudder stock, which is a vertical shaft located at the stern of the ship.
5. Rudder:
Attached to the rudder stock is the rudder, a large, flat, movable surface immersed in water. The rudder acts as the primary control surface that alters the ship's direction.
6. Steering Engine or Motor:
A steering engine or motor is connected to the rudder stock. This engine uses the power generated by the hydraulic or electric power unit to move the rudder.
7. Rudder Angle Indicator:
A rudder angle indicator is installed on the ship's bridge or control room. It provides real-time information about the current angle of the rudder, helping the crew monitor the ship's steering status.
8. Mechanical or Electrical Feedback Systems:
The steering gear system also incorporates feedback mechanisms to ensure precise and responsive steering control. These feedback systems communicate information about the rudder's position back to the steering wheel or control console, allowing for adjustments if needed.
9. Emergency Steering Systems:
Ships are equipped with backup or emergency steering systems in case of primary steering gear failure. These systems can be manually operated and serve as a redundant means of controlling the ship's direction in critical situations.
10. Maintenance and Inspections:
Regular maintenance, inspections, and testing are vital to ensure the reliability and effectiveness of the steering gear system. This includes periodic checks of hydraulic or electrical components, rudder linkages, and remote control systems.
By working in conjunction with other navigation and control systems, the steering gear plays a fundamental role in ensuring the safe and efficient navigation of ships across various maritime environments.
