1. Safety First:
* Disconnect the battery: This prevents accidental shorts and airbag deployment.
* Support the vehicle securely: Use jack stands under the frame, *never* rely solely on a jack.
* Wear safety glasses: Parts can fly unexpectedly.
* Use gloves: Protects your hands from grease and sharp edges.
2. Preparation:
* Locate the inner tie rod: It's connected to the steering knuckle (the part that holds the wheel bearing) and the outer tie rod.
* Identify the tie rod end: This is the ball joint at the end of the inner tie rod that connects to the rack.
* Gather tools: You'll need:
* Tie rod end separator/puller: This is crucial for safely removing the tie rod end from the steering rack. A pickle fork can damage the rack, so avoid it if possible.
* Socket wrench: The correct size to fit the castle nut on the tie rod end.
* Wrench: To hold the tie rod while you loosen the nut.
* Penetrating oil (PB Blaster or similar): Helps loosen rusted or seized components.
* Torque wrench: To tighten the new tie rod to the correct specification (you'll need this when reinstalling).
* Wheel chocks: To prevent the vehicle from rolling.
3. Removal Process:
* Spray penetrating oil: Generously apply penetrating oil to the tie rod end threads and the area where it connects to the rack. Let it sit for at least 15-20 minutes to work its way in.
* Loosen the castle nut: Using the socket wrench and wrench (to hold the tie rod), carefully loosen the castle nut on the tie rod end. Do not remove it completely yet.
* Remove the cotter pin: Once the nut is loose, remove the cotter pin that secures the castle nut.
* Use the tie rod end separator/puller: Attach the puller according to its instructions. Slowly and steadily apply pressure to separate the tie rod end from the steering rack. This may require significant force. Avoid using excessive force or damaging the rack.
* Remove the nut and tie rod end: Once separated, remove the castle nut and the tie rod end.
4. Important Considerations:
* Steering alignment: After replacing the inner tie rod (or any steering component), you must have your vehicle's steering alignment checked and adjusted by a professional. Improper alignment can lead to tire wear and handling problems.
* Thread locker: When reinstalling, use a thread locker (like Loctite) on the tie rod threads to prevent loosening over time.
* Torque specifications: Always refer to your repair manual for the correct torque specifications for the castle nut. Over-tightening can damage the tie rod end.
5. If you're uncomfortable performing this repair yourself:
Take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic. This is a job that requires specific tools and knowledge, and incorrect installation can have serious consequences.
This is a general guide; specific details may vary slightly depending on your particular vehicle's model. Always consult a repair manual specific to your 1999 Ford Ranger 4x4 V6 for detailed instructions and diagrams. These manuals are often available online or at auto parts stores.
