1. Preparation:
* Park on a level surface, engage the parking brake firmly.
* Gather your tools: Jack, jack stands, lug wrench, wheel chocks (highly recommended!), socket wrench set (likely metric), caliper compression tool, possibly a C-clamp (depending on caliper design), brake cleaner, rotor removal tool (optional but helpful), gloves.
* Locate your owner's manual: It may provide specific torque specifications for your model year.
2. Wheel Removal:
* Chock the rear wheels. This prevents the vehicle from rolling.
* Raise the front of the vehicle using the jack, placing it at a designated jack point (consult your owner's manual).
* Secure the vehicle on jack stands. *Never work under a vehicle supported only by a jack.*
* Remove the lug nuts using the lug wrench. Loosen them slightly before raising the vehicle for easier removal.
* Remove the wheel.
3. Caliper Removal:
* There are two main caliper designs:
* Sliding caliper: These calipers slide on pins. You'll need to locate the caliper mounting bolts (usually two) and remove them. *Before removing the bolts, use a caliper compression tool to push the caliper piston back into the caliper bore.* This creates space for the rotor to come off. Some may require a C-clamp and some kind of block to push the piston back in. This is crucial to avoid damaging the caliper's seals. Support the caliper with a wire or bungee cord to prevent it from hanging by the brake line.
* Fixed caliper: These calipers are typically bolted directly to the knuckle. You may still need to compress the piston but the removal process is similar.
4. Rotor Removal:
* Inspect the rotor's hat (the central part where the wheel studs pass through) for any rust or debris that might be interfering. Use a wire brush or brake cleaner to clean this area.
* Some rotors slide right off after caliper removal. Others might be seized on due to rust. A rotor removal tool can be helpful to prevent damage to the rotor or hub. If using a tool, be careful not to damage the threads on the wheel studs. If it's stuck, you might need to gently tap it from the back using a hammer and a block of wood to avoid damaging the rotor. Avoid damaging the wheel studs.
5. Reinstallation:
* Clean the mating surfaces of the hub and the new rotor with brake cleaner.
* Install the new rotor, ensuring it slides on smoothly and sits flush against the hub.
* Reinstall the caliper. Make sure the caliper slides freely on its pins (if applicable) and that the brake pads are properly seated.
* Bleed the brakes. This is essential after working on the braking system. Refer to your owner's manual for the correct procedure. This removes air that might have entered the brake lines.
* Torque all bolts to the manufacturer's specifications.
6. Final Steps:
* Reinstall the wheel and tighten the lug nuts to the proper torque specification.
* Lower the vehicle carefully.
* Test the brakes thoroughly before driving.
Important Considerations:
* Rust: Rust can make this process significantly harder. Penetrating oil applied several hours before starting may help.
* Caliper piston compression: Failure to properly compress the caliper piston can damage the seals.
* Torque specifications: Always use the correct torque for your vehicle's lug nuts and caliper bolts to avoid damage.
* Brake fluid: Brake fluid is corrosive. Clean up any spills immediately.
If you are uncomfortable performing this repair yourself, it's best to take your vehicle to a qualified mechanic. Brake work is crucial for safety, and improperly performed repairs can have serious consequences.
