* A base-model 1977 Corvette: Would likely lose to almost any 2002 Charger.
* A high-performance 1977 Corvette (e.g., L82): Could potentially win against a base-model 2002 Charger, especially in a short race. The older Corvette might have a slight advantage in handling, but the Charger's superior power in higher trims would likely win out in a longer race.
* A modified 1977 Corvette: With modifications, it could significantly improve performance and have a better chance of winning, depending on the extent of the modifications.
In short, there's no simple yes or no answer. The outcome would be highly dependent on the specific engine and modifications of both cars, as well as the conditions of the race (track vs. street, length of the race, etc.).