To be certain, you'll need to:
1. Consult a repair manual: A Haynes or Chilton repair manual specific to your 1983 Chevy C-10 with a 350 engine will have diagrams showing the exact location. This is the most reliable method.
2. Visually inspect the engine: Look near the thermostat housing on the cylinder head. Follow the wiring harness from the gauge cluster; the temperature sending unit will be where the wire terminates.
3. Look for a small threaded sensor: The sending unit is usually a relatively small part.
Remember to be careful when working around hot engine components. Let the engine cool completely before attempting to locate or work on the temperature sending unit.