1. Preliminary Checks (Safest and Easiest First):
* Battery: A weak or dead battery is the most common cause of starting problems. Check the battery voltage with a voltmeter. It should read around 12.6 volts when fully charged. If it's low, charge the battery or replace it. Also check the battery terminals for corrosion and clean them if necessary.
* Battery Cables: Inspect the battery cables (positive and negative) for corrosion, looseness, or damage. Clean or replace them if needed. Make sure the connections are tight.
* Fuses and Relays: Check the fuses and relays related to the starting system. Your owner's manual will show you the fuse box location and diagram. Look for blown fuses (broken filaments) and replace them if necessary. Relays may click when the ignition is turned, indicating they're functioning. A non-clicking relay may need replacement.
2. Testing the Starter (More Involved):
These tests require some basic tools and knowledge of electrical safety. Always disconnect the negative battery terminal before performing any electrical tests.
* Visual Inspection: Locate the starter motor (usually on the engine block, near the transmission bellhousing). Inspect it for any obvious damage, loose wiring, or corrosion.
* Listen for Clicks: Have someone turn the ignition key while you listen carefully near the starter.
* * A single click: This usually indicates a low battery, bad battery connection, or a faulty starter solenoid (the part that engages the starter motor).
* * Multiple clicks: This can indicate a low battery or a problem with the starter motor itself.
* * No clicks: This could point to a faulty ignition switch, bad wiring, or a completely failed starter motor.
* Voltage Test (Requires Voltmeter):
* With the key in the "start" position, measure the voltage at the large power cable going to the starter. You should see battery voltage (around 12 volts). If you don't, there's a problem in the circuit before the starter.
* Measure the voltage *at the starter solenoid* (usually a small cylindrical component on top of the starter motor) between the small terminal and ground. There should be voltage drop. If not, the solenoid could be bad. (Caution: Be extremely careful working around the starter; there are high current moving parts.)
* Directly Jumping the Starter Solenoid (Requires Caution and Knowledge): This is a risky procedure and only recommended if you're experienced with car electrical systems. You use a jumper wire (with insulated clips) to bypass the solenoid and see if the starter will crank. If the starter cranks, the solenoid is likely the problem. If not, it's probably the starter itself. This is a dangerous test; be very careful to avoid shorting anything.
3. Replacing the Starter:
If the tests point to a faulty starter motor, you'll need to replace it. This is a more involved job requiring mechanical skills and tools. Consult a repair manual specific to your year and model of Chevy Lumina for detailed instructions.
Important Notes:
* Safety First: Always disconnect the negative battery cable before working on the electrical system.
* Repair Manual: A repair manual for your specific year and model Lumina is highly recommended. It will provide detailed diagrams and instructions for testing and replacing components.
* Professional Help: If you're not comfortable performing these tests or repairs, take your Lumina to a qualified mechanic.
This information should help you diagnose the problem. Remember safety first and don't hesitate to seek professional assistance if needed.
