Windsor:
* Design: The Windsor is a small-block V8 with a pushrod design (valves actuated by pushrods and rocker arms). This is a simpler, more robust, and generally less expensive design.
* Block: Cast iron block, known for its durability.
* Manufacturing Location: Originally produced in Windsor, Ontario, Canada (hence the name). Production later moved to other locations, including Cleveland.
* Years of Production: A very long production run, spanning many decades with numerous variations (e.g., 302, 351, 460).
* Characteristics: Generally known for their torque, reliability, and relatively simple maintenance. They are relatively easy to modify and parts are readily available. However, they are generally less fuel-efficient than modular engines.
Romeo:
* Design: The "Romeo" designation generally refers to Ford's Modular engine family, specifically the 4.6L, 5.4L, and 5.0L (Coyote) engines, although the term "Romeo" itself might not be officially used for all these. These are overhead cam (OHC) engines, meaning the camshaft is located in the cylinder head, directly actuating the valves through rocker arms or tappets, depending on the specific variation.
* Block: Aluminum blocks are common in modular engines, offering lighter weight than the Windsor's cast iron. Some variations use cast iron.
* Manufacturing Location: The name "Romeo" stems from the Romeo Engine Plant in Romeo, Michigan, where these engines were (and in some cases still are) produced.
* Years of Production: Also a long production run, but overlapping with, and eventually replacing, Windsor engines in many applications.
* Characteristics: Generally more fuel-efficient and smoother-running than Windsor engines due to the OHC design. They tend to produce higher horsepower at higher RPMs compared to comparable Windsor engines. However, they can be more complex to repair and parts can sometimes be more expensive. The aluminum blocks are lighter which improves fuel economy and handling in trucks.
In short: The Windsor is an older, durable, and relatively simple pushrod design, while Romeo (referring to the Modular family) is a newer, more sophisticated, and generally more fuel-efficient overhead cam design. The choice between them often depends on the year of the truck and the desired characteristics (power, fuel economy, simplicity, etc.).
